The Jeans criterion and star formation
A cloud collapses when its mass exceeds the Jeans mass, about 5 suns at 10 K and 10^4 particles per cubic centimeter, rising as T^(3/2) and falling as n^(-1/2); it falls in about a free-fall time and fragments into stars wrapped in planet-forming disks.
About 30 minutes8 activities Paper packet